The Portrayal of Nyai Ontosoroh Struggle in Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s Bumi Manusia: A Study on Socialist Feminism

Abstract

Nyai Ontosoroh is one of the main character in Bumi Manusia novel by Pramoedya Ananta Toer. She is a Javanese woman that was labelled by society as Nyai which is mean gundik londo. Her journey as Nyai brings obstacle and influence in her life as woman. Thus, this research aims to examine the forms of struggle of Javanese socialist feminist as portrayed in Nyai Ontosoroh character through Bumi Manusia movie. The researcher uses theory of socialist feminism that focus on the scope the class, sex, race and identity as common background of women’s oppression. The analysis model of socialist feminism theory reveals the forms of oppression that occur during the colonialization and also the struggles to voice out women rights through the character of Nyai Ontosoroh. Thus, the result of the analysis reveal that there’s a form of oppression in Bumi Manusia movie related to socialist feminism, it is gender based conflict. Thus, in the movie also depicted the forms of gender based struggle that has done by Nyai Ontosoroh.

Keywords: Bumi Manusia, Socialist Feminism, Nyai Ontosoroh